Word formation |
Changing words from one form to another. Different parts of speech like noun, verb, adjective and adverb are formed by the addition of a syllable mostly at the end of a word. The process of adding syllables is called “affixing”. The base word to which a syllable is affixed is called the root/stem. When a syllable or word is affixed at the beginning of the root word, it is called a “prefix”. When we add at the end of the base word, it is called a “suffix”. 1. Suffixes like---ant,---ator,---er,-----ist,----or are added to form personal nouns. Immigrate- immigrant Terminate—terminator Conduct----conductor 2 .Suffixes ---ance,---ence,-----ation,---ion,---tion,---ism,---ment,-----ty----sion,---age,---ency can be us to form functional nouns. Refer---reference Maintain----maintenance Invest---investment Tour---tourism Examine---examination Secure---security Bond----bondage 3. Adjectives are formed by adding suffices like ----able,---al,---- iative,--- ical,--- ing,---ory,---tic . Reason----- reasonable Develop ----developing Paralyze---- paralytic Environment---- environmental Collect---- collective Technology technological Preserve preservative 4. Adverbs are generally formed by the addition of-ally,---ly,or---lly to most of the adjectives. Verb adjective adverb Comprehend comprehensible comprehensibly Communicate communicative communicatively Develop developing developmentally Developed Developmental Exercises Form nouns from adjective 1. Able 2. Ecological 3. Brief 4. pure 5. Friend 6.maintainable 7. Wide 8.destructive 9. active 10.innovative To remember Antonyms of words can be borrowed by adding negative prefixes like a, an, anti, counter, de, dis, il, im, in, ir, mis, non, un etc.The following table presents the negative prefixes with their meanings. |
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186101 (HS2161) Technical English I Lecture Notes Word formation
